Subzones: Colli Fiorentini, Montalbano, Rufina, Montespertoli, Colli Arezzo, Pisa Hills and Colli Senesi.
The first document contains the earliest mention of Chianti, in the classification of origin of the wine, in 1398. From these records it appears that Chianti is white and not of great quality, as can be inferred from the price shown. Documents from 1427 reported that he had established himself in Chianti red wine. In the fifteenth century, the Chianti began to be consumed by the popes, such as Pope Paul III around 1536 on the advice of their bottles Sante Lancerio.
In 1713, two notices were issued by Grand Duke Cosimo III of Tuscany, the first fixed, precisely, the boundaries of the finest wine producing areas where Chianti wine is produced, while the latter sketched a kind of discipline. The announcement led to a premiere, because until then in any other part of the world had decided to legally identify the area of production of a fine wine and had to spend two centuries because others did.
After the mid-nineteenth century appeared the first real specific works of Tuscan viticulture and enology from various authors: Blasiis (1860), Lawl (1865), Pollacci (1871) and Gonzo (1888), but the most important figure was Bettino Ricasoli, intelligent and passionate farmer and a good winemaker.
He produced in the Castle of Brolio a red wine capable of taking over the famous red wines and Italian and French, as a politician of the state, opened the way for the world to the Chianti wine, which then began to be exported to various countries around the world . The Ricasoli, after numerous experiments conducted between 1834 and 1837 in the vineyards of Brolio, was able to identify what he believed to be the right blend to produce Chianti wine. Here, then, the original composition of Chianti, two varieties of red grapes, Canaiolo (5 - 10%) and Sangiovese, the true soul of this wine (75 - 90%), then two varieties of white grapes, Malvasia and Trebbiano (2 - 5%), but it was not defined by this nell'uvaggio Ricasoli. The Chianti produced with these criteria, was soon to dominate the markets: in 1860 - 1870, Florence became capital of Italy, Chianti was sold in Italy and Europe (especially England).
But with the spread of his fame and the increase in demand from the market, unscrupulous producers outside the area wines marketed under the name of Chianti and soon spread to an uncontrolled production of wine, often much worse quality compared to ' original, first defined "use Chianti, and then its" Chianti ".
From 1900 to 1930 many attempts were made to enact a law for the protection of wines. In 1924, to end the confusion arising from a group of 33 producers of the "classic area", the oldest formed the Consortium for the Defence of the typical wine of Chianti and its mark of origin. " The consortium chose as the Gallo brand Black on Gold, symbol of the Chianti League founded in the thirteenth century. Later, in 1932, after years of intense lobbying, when it is misused as bottled Chianti wine a bit 'everywhere in central Italy, a ministerial committee authorized to use the name "Chianti Classico" only to describe the wine production of the historic . In 1967 came another prize: the effect of the law on the reorganization of the denominations, L. 930. 1963, the Chianti Classico wine was among the first to get the DOC, and in 1984, has been awarded a Denomination of Origin Controlled and Guaranteed dates back to 2003 and the last ministerial decree that makes changes to the specification for the designation of Controlled and Guaranteed Origin "Chianti".
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